形态参数下地表采动裂缝三维建模及可视化方法

A 3D Modeling and Visualization Method of Ground Fissures Based on Shape Parameters

实现对地表采动裂缝的三维建模及可视化能促进裂缝的形状、成因研究,并为开采沉陷监测和生态环境恢复提供科学支持。目前三维建模方法和软件主要面向建筑物、管道、地质体等地物地貌,若直接应用于地表裂缝的建模与表达会存在野外测绘工作量大、形态规律表达不准确、呈现不逼真等问题。本文结合三维地形建模、分形、空间插值等理论,提出了基于几何形态参数的地表裂缝三维建模方法,并利用Arc Engine平台实现了对裂缝的三维可视化;选取甘肃省东峡矿区为试验区,根据裂缝分布与形态预计参数,实现了对区域内裂缝的模拟,并通过与实测数据和高分辨率影像进行对比,验证了该方法能真实逼真呈现裂缝的形态、延伸与细节信息。

Modeling and visualizing ground fissures caused by mining in three dimensions can facilitate studying the shape and contributing factors of fissures,and also provide scientific support for monitoring mining subsidence and restoring ecological environment.The existing 3 D modeling methods and software mainly focus on buildings,pipes,geologic bodies et al.,which can not be directly used to model and represent ground fissures. In view of this problem,using 3 D terrain modeling,fractal theory and spatial interpolation,this paper proposes a 3 D modeling method of ground fissures based on geometric shape parameters,and implements the 3 D visualization of fissures through Arc Engine platform.This paper selects the Dongxia Mining Area in Gansu province as study area,and create 3 D models of all ground fissures in this area from the predicted distribution and shape parameters.The comparison results between ground surveyed data,high resolution images and the created models validate the proposed method can accurately demonstrate the shape,stretching and details of ground fissures.