心理护理干预在尿毒症维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果观察

Effect of psychological nursing intervention on maintenance hemodialysis patients with uremic

目的观察心理护理干预在尿毒症维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果。方法选取本院住院治疗的尿毒症维持性血液透析患者60例,根据护理方法不同随机分为干预组与对照组,每组各30例,对照组采取常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上增加心理护理干预,共观察3个月。比较分析两组患者干预前后的心理状态评分、治疗依从性及生活质量评分的变化情况。结果护理前两组SAS、SDS评分比较无显著差异;护理后,两组患者的负性心理明显改善,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分分别显著低于护理前(P<0.05);且干预组患者的SAS、SDS评分分别显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,干预组患者的治疗依从性明显提高,干预组患者的治疗依从率达93.33%(28/30),显著高于对照组70.00%(21/30),组间比较存在显著差异(P<0.05)。护理后,干预组患者的生活质量明显改善,干预组患者的躯体功能、情绪功能、角色功能和社会功能评分分别显著高于对照组,组间比较存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论对尿毒症维持性血液透析患者在治疗中联合心理护理干预,有利于改善患者的负性心理,提高治疗依从性及生活质量,对于延长患者的生存时间和生活质量具有重要作用。

Objective To observe the application effect of psychological nursing intervention in maintenance hemodial- ysis patients with uremia. Methods 60 uremia patients with maintenance hemodialysis treated in our hospital were ran- domly divided into intervention group and control group according to different nursing methods, with 30 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing. The intervention group received psychological nursing intervention based on routine nursing. The patients were observed for 3 months. The changes of psychological status score, treatment compliance and quality of life score between the two groups before and after intervention were compared and analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in scores of SAS and SDS between the two groups before nursing. After nursing, the negative psychology of both groups improved obviously. The SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before nursing（P〈0.05）. The SAS and SDS scores of the patients in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. After nursing, the treatment compliance of the inter vention group was significantly improved. The treatment compliance rate of the intervention group was 93.33%（28/30）, significantly higher than that of the control group （70.00%, 21/30）. There was significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. After nursing, the quality of life of the intervention group was significantly improved. The physical, emotional, functional and social function scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the difference between the two groups were significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The intervention of psychotherapy nurs- ing combined with maintenance hemodialysis in patients with uremia is beneficial to improve the negative psychology and improve the treatment compliance and quality of life, which plays an important role in prolonging the survival time and quality of life of patients.