苏州市在校医学生阿尔茨海默病知识现状及其影响因素的研究

Study on the status of knowledge and influencing factors towards Alzheimer's disease among school medical students in Suzhou

目的探讨不同人口学特征的苏州市在校医学生对阿尔茨海默病(AD)知识的掌握程度及其影响因素。方法2017年2~8月通过方便取样选取现就读于苏州大学的在校医学生603名,运用自制问卷调查一般资料,包括学生的性别、学历、所在学院、有无家人患AD、有无照顾AD患者经验及照顾感受。运用阿尔茨海默病知识测评量表(ADKS)对学生进行AD相关知识测评。结果单因素结果分析显示,女生在总体AD知识及病程、治疗与管理领域的得分均高于男生(P<0.05);研究生在总体AD知识、评估与诊断、症状、病程及治疗与管理领域的得分均高于本科生(P<0.05);有无家人患AD、有无照顾AD患者的经验与ADKS的总分及多个维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示:ADKS的总分与性别及学历密切相关(P<0.05);女生较男生在病程、治疗与管理领域及总体AD知识的得分更高(P<0.05);有照顾经验的学生较无照顾经验的学生在症状及治疗与管理领域的得分更高(P<0.05)。结论苏州市在校医学生对AD知识掌握整体水平较低。亟待进行教育改革,开展AD相关理论课程与临床实践,以便促进在校医学生掌握专业知识及技能,为AD患者提供更加专业的医疗服务,提高其生活质量。

Objective To explore the degree of knowledge of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and its influencing factors of the school medical students with different demographic characteristic in Suzhou. Methods From February to August in 2017, 603 school medical students were selected by convenience sampling method. They were surveyed by self-designed questionnaire, including their degree of knowledge of AD were assessed by the Alzheimer＇s Disease Knowledge Scale （ADKS）. Results The results of single factor analysis showed that female students＇ scores in overall AD knowledge and such dimensions as course of disease, treatment and management were higher （P 〈 0.05）. In general, graduate students＇ scores were higher than undergraduates in overall AD knowledge and dimensions other than risk factors, impact on life and other areas of care （P 〈 0.05）. Whether or not family members with AD, or had the experience of taking care of AD patients were related to ADKS total score and multiple dimension scores （P 〈 0.05）. Multiple linear regres- sion analysis indicated that the total score of ADKS was closely correlated with gender and academic degree （P 〈 0.05）, female students＇ scores were higher on the course of disease, treatment and management, and overall AD knowledge （P 〈 0.05）, and the scored of students with experience of care were higher on symptoms and treatment and management （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The school medical students of Suzhou have a poor acquisition of AD knowlege in an overall level. And it is necessary to make an education revolution, set up AD related thoery currieulumn and clinical practice; in order to facilitate the school medical students master professional knowledge and skill, which can provide more proficient medical service for AI） patients and imporve their living quality.