美国公共文化空间的演变——以朱娜·巴恩斯《夜林》为视角

The Evolution of American Public Cultural Space: From the Perspective of Djuna Barnes's Nightwood

朱娜·巴恩斯的代表作《夜林》揭示了西方现代社会公共文化的发展状态。该书借助美国公共文化的雏形——马戏团,展现了20世纪20年代西方城市的世俗生活。马戏团和舞台表演在美国早期的公共文化中占据着重要的历史地位,《夜林》除了对男性、女性和性别差异的深刻探讨之外,还描写了马戏团发展历程,揭露了当时人们的生活状态。公共文化空间与人们的生活密切相关,对于促进时代发展具有很大影响力。《夜林》详细描述了当时马戏团的胜景,并借助两位主人公逃离马戏团的过程,预示了美国公共文化空间由马戏团向舞台表演的演变。在商业化的驱动下,马戏团表演开始变得落后,代表大众文化的舞台表演有着更大商机,这是美国公共文化空间演变的主要因素。

The representative work of Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, reveals the state of the development of public culture of mod- em Western society. The book, with the help of the embryonic form of American public cuhure - the circus, shows the secular life of Western cities of the twentieth century. Circus and stage performance occupied an important historical position in the early public culture of the United States. Besides exploration of man, woman and the difference between them, Nightwood depicts the process of circus development, revealing the life condition of people at that time. Public cultural space is closely related to people＇s life, and has a great influence and positive effect on promoting the development of the times. In Nightwood, there is a detailed description of the circus attraction, and the escape of the two protagonists from the circus indicates the evolution of A- merican public cultural space from the circus to the stage. Driven by commercialization, the circus performance began to lag be- hind, and the stage performance of mass culture had greater business opportunity, which is the main factor of the evolution of A- merican public cultural space.