新生儿出生后体格生长指标现场测量值与籍贯差异的研究

Survey on the relationship between newborn physical exam vital signs and their ancestral homes

目的制定深圳市不同籍贯足月新生儿体格生长测量值,研究宫内生长的影响因素。方法采用横断面研究方法,2013年4月至2015年9月在深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院和深圳市妇幼保健院完成了14 618例足月新生儿体格生长现场测量。结果男性出生体质量、身长、头围、胸围、顶臀长测量的均值±标准差(x±s)高于女性,差异有统计学意义(t=1.99~14.12,均P<0.05)。北部省份(黑龙江、辽宁、内蒙古自治区、河北)与南部省份(广东、广西壮族自治区、海南、贵州)比较:体质量增加215g(t=11.78,P<0.01),身长增加1.11cm(t=12.96,P<0.01),顶臀长增加0.87cm(t=12.91,P<0.01),头围增加0.63cm(t=12.14,P<0.01),胸围增加0.63cm(t=8.52,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。结论深圳分娩的新生儿出生时五项生长指标具有其所属省籍贯的宫内生长特征。籍贯是宫内生长潜力重要影响因素,居住地点、分娩地点和分娩医院的改变不会改变新生儿所属的籍贯特征。

Objective To understand the relationship between newborn physical exam vital signs and their ancestral homes,and to discuss the influencing factors of intrauterine growth in Shenzhen.Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted among total 14 618 full-term newborn babies whose physical exams were performed by measuring the birth weight,length,head circumference（HC）,chest circumference（CC）and crown rump length（CRL）in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Baoan District of Shenzhen and Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shenzhen from April 2013 to September 2015.Results The median values of birth weight,length,HC,CC and CRL were all higher among newborn baby boys than that of baby girls,the differences were significant（t=1.99-14.12,P〈0.05）.Neonates whose ancestral homes were from northern provinces of China（Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Inner Mongolia antonomous region and Hebei）weighted215 g more（t=11.78,P〈0.01）and were 1.11 cm longer（t=12.96,P〈0.01）than those from southern provinces of China（Guangdong,Guangxi zhuang antonomous region,Hainan and Guizhou）,meanwhile,their CRL,HC and CC were 0.87 cm,0.63 cm and 0.63 cm longer（t=12.91,12.14,8.52,P〈0.01）.Conclusions The neonates from Shenzhen have their own intrauterine growth characteristics related to their ancestral homes,which are found to be the major influencing factors of intrauterine growth,while,living places and birthplaces are not.