多种植物活性物质混配剂对瓜类白粉病病菌毒力测定和药效试验

Toxicity Determination and Efficacy Test of Mixtures of Multiple Plant Active Substances on Powdery Mildew Fungus of Melons

为了利用植物资源中所具有的杀虫、杀菌、抗病毒和除草等特性的天然活性物质,达到不破坏生态环境、延缓靶标生物抗药性的目的,从黄柏皮、大黄、松脂、芦荟、皂角、苦楝根等多种植物中提取活性物质并混配加工成水剂,对黄瓜白粉病病菌进行毒力测定,并研究了黄瓜、南瓜、西瓜白粉病田间药效试验及安全性评价。结果表明:多种植物活性物质混配剂对黄瓜白粉病的侵染有较强抑制作用,其抑制活性EC_(50)值为5.981 7;对黄瓜、南瓜、西瓜白粉病的防效随着使用浓度的增加而增强,稀释400倍对黄瓜、南瓜和西瓜白粉病的防效分别达75.8%、76.7%和78.1%,施用后对以上瓜类生长安全。

In order to take advantages of the characteristics of plant active substances, such as insecticidal efficacy, sterilization, antiviral property, weeding, etc., and achieve the purpose of not destroying the ecological environment and retarding the drug resistance of the target creature, a mixed water agent composed of active substances of multiple plants which extracted from phellodendron bark, Chinese rhubarb, turpentine, aloe, saponin, chinaberry root was used in the experiment. The toxicity determination of powdery mildew fungus of cucumber was studied. The field efficacy test and safety evaluation of powdery mildew of cucumber, pumpkin and watermelon were conducted. The results showed that mixtures of various plant active substances had strong inhibitory effect on the powdery mildew of cucumber, the EC_（50） value of its inhibitory activity was 5.981 7. The control effects of powdery mildew on cucumber, pumpkin and watermelon were enhanced with the increase of concentration, and the control effects of 400 times diluted mixtures were 75.8%, 76.7% and 78.1%, respectively, which indicated that the mixtures were safe for the growth of the above melons.