环状RNA的结构和功能特性及其与胃癌发生的关系

The Structural and Functional Characteristics of Circular RNAs and Their Relationships with Gastric Cancer

环状RNA是一类新发现以共价键形成环状结构的RNA分子,没有5＇帽和3＇尾,具有高度的序列保守性和稳定性,不易被核酸外切酶降解,在转录或转录后水平发挥基因表达调控的作用。近年来,已发现环状RNA与许多肿瘤包括胃癌发生密切相关。首先介绍环状RNA形成、分类、分子特征和功能,然后从环状RNA与胃癌发生、环状RNA与胃癌诊断、以及环状RNA在胃癌治疗中的作用等三个方面阐述环状RNA与胃癌的关系。

Circular RNAs （circRNAs） are a newly discovered RNA molecules, which are widely distributed in mammalian cells. They do not have 5＇cap and 3＇ tail, but have a high degree of sequence conservation and stability, and not easy to be degraded by RNA exonuclease. What＇ s more, they not only can regulate the expression of genes, but also play a regulatory role at transcriptional or transcriptional levels. In recent years, circRNAs have been found to be associated with many tumors including gastric cancer. The formation, classification, molecular characterization and function of circRNAs were introduced. Then, the relationships between circRNAs and gastric cancer are analyzed from three aspects： the correlations between circRNAs and gastric cancer occurrence, the values of circRNAs in the diagnosis of gastric cancer, and the roles of circRNAs in the treatment of gastric cancer.