波浪中舰船远程尾流区气泡运动研究

Motion characteristics for bubbles of the far wake of ships in the waves

为准确描述波浪中舰船远程尾流区气泡运动规律,分别建立了波浪中远程尾流场气泡质心运动和径向运动模型;并结合二维深水波模型,构建了波浪中尾流气泡运动耦合模型。采用变步长龙格库塔法进行数值求解,模拟得出波浪中尾流气泡的两个运动特征规律:(1)气泡在波浪中的上浮轨迹呈螺旋状,且气泡尺度越小,受波浪牵引作用越显著;(2)波浪的波长越短,波高越高,气泡在波浪传播方向的位移越大,但气泡的存留时间受波浪的影响很小。该模型考虑了真实海况中波浪对气泡运动的影响,可作为研究舰船尾流气泡运动特性及尾流场演化规律的理论基础。

To describe the bubble motion characteristics in the far wake of ships in the waves, the mass motion and radial motion models of bubbles have been built. Combined with the two-dimensional wave depth model, a model for transient and non-equilibrium mass transfer of wake bubbles in the waves is then developed. Two characteristics of wake bubble motion are concluded by numerical simulation with variable step Runge-kutta method. Firstly, the wake bubble rises along a spiraling track, and the tractive effort of waves will be more significant for smaller bubbles. Secondly, the bubble displacement along the direction of propagation of waves with shorter wavelength and greater wave height will be greater, whereas the bubble retention time will be less affected. In considering of the effects of waves on bubble motion under the real sea state, this coupling model is a theoretical basis for the research on the characteristics of wake bubbles and evolution laws of the ship wake.