废弃线路板浸出铜试验

Copper Leaching Experiment from Waste Circuit Boards

废弃线路板的不合理处置不仅会造成严重的环境污染,危害人类的健康,还会导致资源的严重浪费。为此,以废弃线路板为研究对象,采用氨水-碳酸铵浸出体系进行了浸出回收铜试验。结果表明:在总氨浓度为5 mol/L、n[NH_3·H_2O]∶n[(NH_4)_2CO_3]为2、H_2O_2添加量为20 g/L、液固比为6 m L/g、浸出时间为2 h、浸出温度为55℃时,铜浸出率为86.59%。浸出过程采用功率为500 W的微波加热处理,铜浸出率提高至92.54%,较未采用微波处理时提高了5.95个百分点,微波加热可在一定程度上促进浸出反应进行,提高铜浸出率。浸出过程中铜由固相转移到液相,试样表面和内部产生大量微观孔隙和裂隙。

The improper disposal of Waste Circuit Boards（PCBs） can not only cause serious environment pollution,endanger human health,but also give rise to grievous waste of resources.Ammonia-ammonium carbonate system was used to conduct leaching experiment to recover copper from PCBs.Results indicate that when the total ammonia concentration was 5 mol/L,n[NH3·H2O] ∶ n[（NH4）2CO3]was 2,dosage of H2O2 was 20 g/L,liquid-solid ratio was 6 m L/g,leaching time was 2 h,leaching temperature was 55 ℃,copper leaching rate is 86.59%.While adding 500 W microwave heating effect during leaching process,copper leaching efficiency reach 92.54%,increased by 5.95 percentage points.It is indicated that microwave can promote leaching process and improve the copper leaching efficiency to some extent.Copper transferred from solid to liquid during the leaching process,which result in a great deal of micro holes and cracks produced on the surface and inside the samples.