不确定性与复杂性背景下气候变化风险规制立法

The Legislation on the Risk Regulation of Climate Change in the Era of Uncertainty and Complexity

在过去几十年间,气候变化议题在学界乃至社会各界似乎都经历了"忽冷忽热"的变化,反映出气候法治中的不确定性与复杂性,而乱象背后的根源在于科学理性与民主理性在风险法治中的断裂。探寻我国气候变化立法这一现实问题,需要回溯风险行政的内在意蕴并辅以成本收益之方法。在当前气候变化国际合作的不确定性与国内主要矛盾转化的复杂性背景下,我国总体上需要坚持以柔性立法应对气候变化这一立场,而在主张专门立法的同时,也可通过大气污染防治法以前端治理与协同控制的制度设计实现温室气体减排。

In the past fewdecades,the academia and social communities seem to have witnessed the rise and fall of the issue of climate change,reflecting the uncertainty and complexity in the climate governance.The root of this chaos lies in the gap between scientific rationality and democratic rationality in the risk regulation.To examine the issue of climate change legislation in China,it is necessary to look back on the intrinsic meaning of risk administration and to introduce the method of cost-benefit analysis.In the context of the uncertainty of international cooperation on climate change and the complexity of the transformation of domestic major contradictions,China needs to adhere to the position of soft lawto cope with climate change.While advocating special legislation,the GHG mitigation can also be achieved through the system design of front-end governance and synergistic control in the Lawof the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution.