美国教育研究的开拓者:首位教育学教授威廉姆·佩恩

A Pioneer of American Education Research:the First Professor of Education William Harold Payne

19世纪后半期是美国教育研究从实践探索转向专业取向的过渡时期,其标志性的转折就是1879年密歇根大学设立了美国历史上第一个永久性的教育学教席,而威廉姆·哈罗德·佩恩成为首位教育学教授。佩恩积极推动教育研究的大学化,以此提升教师培养的专业性,他身体力行,研究、整理和积累教育知识,并引导了一种理性与演绎的教育研究取向。身处教育研究专业化的过渡时期,他虽然没有建构起影响深远的教育思想体系,但其过渡性质也正是他作为开拓者的贡献所在。

The second half of the 19th century is the transition from practical exploration to professional study in American educational research. The symbolic turning point is that the first permanent chair of education was established in the University of Michigan in 1879, and William Harold Payne became the first professor of education in the history in the United States. Payne actively promoted the study of education to be in the level of university, mainly in order to enhance the professionalism of teachers. He personally, arranged and accumulated educational knowledge, and he guided an orientation of rational and deductive method in the research of the science of education. In the transition period in the history of professionalization of educational research, he could not form a system of educa- tion thoughts that could be so influential across time and space. But Payne＇ s transitional role-setting lies in his valuable contributions as a pioneer.