改革攻坚期“试错法”的新内涵与适用限度——兼评当前对改革“试错法”的一些错误理解

The New Connotation and Application Scope of the“Trial-and-error”Method in the Critical Stage of Reform-Also on Some Mistaken Understanding about the “Trial-and-error” Method in the Current Reform

我们认为,改革攻坚期的探索需要继续"试错",但我们反对将改革与"试错"机械地完全等同起来,因为这会导致改革方法论的僵化和简单化。相比之前,改革攻坚期面临的问题更加尖锐,"试错法"应有其新内涵,它愈加强调底线思维、开放思维、科学思维、理性思维、辩证思维和目的性思维。要更大胆也更谨慎地使用"试错法",有所为有所不为,切忌将其等同于"有意犯错"与"一味容错",也应区别于一般意义上的证伪主义,更不能走向极端实用主义。这要求我们,要在实事求是的基础上将"试错"与顶层设计相结合,并保持理性、开放的"试错"态度。

"Trial-and-error"is necessary in the critical stage of the reform,but we oppose to mechanically equate reform with the"trial-and-error,"which leads to rigid and simplified methods of reform.Compared with the past,problems in the critical stage of reform are more acute,which require new contents in the"trial-anderror"method,with greater emphasizes on the bottom line thinking,open thinking,scientific thinking,rational thinking,dialectical thinking and purposeful thinking.We should be both bolder and more careful in applying the"trial-and-error"method;know what must be done and what must not be done;distinguish it from"deliberate mistake"and"tolerance over mistakes,"as well as from falsification in the general sense;and especially avoid extreme pragmatism.All of these require us to combine"trial-and-error"with top level design on the basis of seeking truth from facts,and maintain a rational and open attitude of"trial and error."