所有制视角下服务资源、动态能力和竞争优势:基于中国科技服务业的实证研究

Service resources,dynamic capabilities and competitive advantage from the perspective of ownership:An empirical study based on China's science and technology industry

目前,中国正面临从计划经济向市场经济转型,产权制度成为制约科技服务业竞争力的重要因素。本研究在回收全国1150份有效问卷的基础上,针对不同所有制科技服务机构的资源、动态能力和竞争优势构建了关系模型,并进行了实证分析,旨在探讨不同所有制下服务资源、动态能力和竞争优势间传导机制、影响路径以及彼此间的差异。研究表明:所有制对不同类型服务机构资源、动态能力和竞争优势的影响路径和传导机制存在差异,并且在不同所有制下动态能力均起到部分中介作用,中介作用的强度从大到小依次是国有企业、民营企业、事业单位。因此,可以发现,在当前产权制度下,各类机构的竞争力均受到限制且影响机制各异,分别采取相应措施提高科技服务机构的动态能力有助于提高服务机构的竞争优势。

At present,China is facing a transition from planned economy to market economy,during which the property rights system has become a key bottleneck that restricts the development of science and technology service industry in their competitiveness,so how to stimulate the competitive advantage of organizations become an important task in the science and technology system reform. Based on 1150 valid questionnaires,we constructed the model reflecting the relationship among service resources,dynamic capabilities and competitive advantage according to different systems of ownership,and we carried on an empirical analysis aiming to discuss their different transmission mechanisms and impact paths under different systems of ownership. This study shows that the ownership has an impact on regulating the relationship among resources,dynamic capability and competitive advantage,and the dynamic capability plays a partial intermediary role in all these organizations. The strength of the intermediary role ranging from large to small in turn is state-owned enterprises,private enterprises,independent public institutions. This article believes that under the current property rights system,the competitiveness of all kinds of institutions are limited in their development. And improving the dynamic ability of the organizations in science and technology services industry would help improve the competitive advantage.