全球FDI集聚化:客观趋势、治理及中国政策效应

Global FDI Agglomeration:Trends,Governance and China’s Policy

在经济增长早期阶段,为了较快地发展经济和赶超世界经济先进水平,吸引FDI流入成为众多发展中国家的首要选择。在经济发展到一定阶段以后,FDI单向流入会逐渐过渡到FDI流入和流出相对均衡发展阶段。经济发展已经达到或接近某个水平以后,国际直接投资流进和流出相对均衡发展有助于经济可持续增长。FDI双向流动是企业在全球范围内利用区位优势差异进行的套利活动,有利于优化资源全球配置。世界范围内的IFDI竞争会引起跨国公司通过FDI活动将成本外部化和收益内部化。跨国公司FDI活动引起的污染天堂、避税天堂、腐败天堂等负外部性需要我们给予分类治理。为了避免主权国家之间陷入囚徒困境。

In the early stages of economic growth,in order to grow faster and catch up with the advanced economies,attracting FDI inflow has become the primary choice of many developing countries.After a certain period of economic development,net FDI inflow will gradually transition to a relatively balanced FDI inflow and outflow.After the economic development stage has reached a certain level,the relatively balanced development of IFDI and OFDI helps sustain economic growth.Two-way FDI is an arbitrage activity in which enterprises make use of differences in global geographical advantages,which helps optimize the global allocation of resources.The worldwide IFDI competition will cause multinationals to externalize costs and internalize profits.The negative externalities such as pollution paradise,tax havens and corrupt paradise caused by the FDI activities of multinational corporations require the targeted governance.In order to avoid falling into the prisoner＇s dilemma between sovereign countries,the negative externality of the global arbitrage FDI activities of MNCs can be better managed through global cooperation.In particular,it is necessary to give guidance to FDI activities of MNCs through global FDI centers and strengthen the role of MNCs in optimizing the allocation of global resources.