不同孕周期胎儿畸形特征及超声诊断结果分析

Analysis of fetal malformations and ultrasonographic findings in different gestational cycles

目的探讨不同孕周期胎儿畸形特征及运用超声诊断的应用效果,为临床制定措施提供依据。方法选择自愿到科室检查的不同孕周孕妇1083例,孕检过程中先采用二维超声对孕妇进行常规检查,对于疑似胎儿畸形孕妇再次采用四维超声进行检查,分析不同孕期胎儿畸形特征及二维联合四维超声诊断效果。结果 1083例孕妇经临床观察最终确定46例胎儿畸形,发生率为4.25%,并且不同孕周期均有胎儿畸形;二维超声检查下诊断符合率为78.26%,低于病理或引产后(P<0.05);二维超声联合四维超声检查诊断符合率为91.30%,与病理或引产后确诊率无统计学意义(P<0.05);二维超声孕早期、孕中期畸形诊断符合率均为80.00%,孕晚期诊断符合率为66.67%;二维超声联合四维超声孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期诊断符合率分别为92.00%、93.33%和100.00%,二维超声联合四维超声诊断符合率,高于二维超声(P<0.05)。结论胎儿畸形在不同孕周期均可发生,孕检时采用二维超声联合四维超声诊断效果理想,能提高临床诊断率及检出率,为临床制定措施提供影像学参考。

Objective：To explore the characteristics of fetal malformations in different gestational cycles and the application of ultrasound diagnosis,to provide the basis for clinical development measures. Methods：1083 pregnant women with different gestational age were selected. The pregnant women were examined by two-dimensional ultrasonography. The pregnant women were diagnosed with four-dimensional ultrasonography. The characteristics of fetal malformation and diploid Dimensional combined with four-dimensional ultrasound diagnosis. Results：1083 cases of pregnant women were confirmed by clinical observation of 46 cases of fetal malformations,the incidence was 4.25%,and different gestational age have fetal malformations;two-dimensional ultrasound diagnosis of compliance rate was 78.26%,lower than the pathological or postnatal（P（P0.05）. The coincidence rate of two-dimensional ultrasonography and early pregnancy was 80.00（P0.05）. The coincidence rate of two-dimensional ultrasonography combined with four-dimensional ultrasonography was 91.30% % And 40.7%,respectively. The coincidence rates of two-dimensional ultrasound combined with four-dimensional ultrasonography in early pregnancy,middle pregnancy and late pregnancy were 92.00%,93.33% and 100.00% respectively. The coincidence rate of two-dimensional ultrasonography Twodimensional ultrasonography（P0.05）. Conclusion：Fetal malformations can occur in different gestational cycles. The diagnostic effect of two-dimensional ultrasonography combined with four-dimensional ultrasonography can improve the clinical diagnosis rate and detection rate,and provide the imaging reference for clinical development.