公共场所物体表面葡萄球菌分布及耐药性调查

The distribution and drug-resistance of Staphylococci on the surfaces of urban public facilities

目的了解城市公共场所物体表面葡萄球菌的分布及耐药特征。方法培养法分离公共场所物体表面葡萄球菌,质谱法鉴定所属种,K-B法检测对抗菌药物的敏感性。结果从14个公共场所分离葡萄球菌219株,其中184株经鉴定分别属于金黄色葡萄球菌(14株,7.6%)和13种凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS,170株,92.4%),最常见CoNS有表皮葡萄球菌(63株)、腐生葡萄球菌(29株)、人葡萄球菌(19株)、溶血葡萄球菌(16株)。分离的葡萄球菌对青霉素和红霉素的耐药率最高,分别为77.7%(143/184)和64.7%(119/184);仅20株(20/184,10.9%)对受试抗生素全部敏感。14株金黄色葡萄球菌均为甲氧西林敏感菌(MSSA),40.0%(68/170)CoNS为耐甲氧西林菌株(MRCoNS),60.0%(102/170)CoNS为甲氧西林敏感株(MSCoNS),未见对丁胺卡那、万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药菌株。结论城市公共场所物体表面葡萄球菌存在种的多样性,以CoNS为主,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌比例较高,耐药现象普遍。

Objective To reveal the characteristics of distribution and drug-resistance of Staphylococci on the surfaces of urban public facilities.Methods Staphylococci were isolated from 214 samples collected from 14 public facilities of Wenzhou and identified with routine method.The species of Staphylococci were identified by using mass spectrometry and antibiotic susceptibilities were measured by K-B method.Results 184 out of 219 strains of Staphylococci were confirmed to belong to 14 species including Staphylococcus aureus（S.aureus,14,7.6%）and 13 species of coagulase negative Staphylococcus（CoNS,170,92.4%）.The top four frequent species of CoNS were S.epidermidis（63）,S.saprophytic（29）,S.hominis（19）and S.haemolysis（16）.All the S.aureusisolates（14 strains）were MSSA,40.0%（68/170）of CoNS was Methicillin resistant（MRCoNS）,while 60.0%（102/170）was Methicillin sensitive（MSCoNS）.Only 20 strains（20/184,10.9%）of Staphylococcus were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested.The resistance rates to Penicillin and Erythromycin were as high as 77.7%（143/184）and 64.7%（119/184）respectively.All the Staphylococci were sensitive to Amikacin,Vancomycin and Linezolid.Conclusion The Staphylococci on the surfaces of urban public facilities demonstrate a species diversity,and CoNS is the dominant species.Although MRSA was not found,the bacteria is highly methicillin resistant and multi-drug resistant generally.