土-水界面磷的稳定性与生物有效性对水体富营养化的影响

Phosphorus Stability,Transformationin Soil-Water Layer and Associated Impact on Water Eutrophication

指出了磷(P)作为生物地球化学循环的关键生源要素之一,其在生态系统中的稳定性和生物有效性与土壤生产力和水体富营养化密切相关。系统阐述了P在自然界中的形态与环境行为,分析了P在土壤中的稳定性及迁移转化,并重点探讨了土壤pH值、外源性C输入及酸沉降对土壤P稳定性的影响;同时进一步研究了进入水体中P的稳定性和生物有效性,阐明了生物可利用P、溶解态磷酸酶在水体富营养化中的作用。并对我国现阶段P水体富营养化标准及分析方法提出了展望,未来应加强水体生物可利用P标准以及湿地生态系统P循环的研究,进一步提高森林土壤的供P潜力。

Phosphorus （P） is as one of the key living elements in biogeochemical cycle.Its stability anct bloavallaOultyplays an important role in ecosystem soil productivity and water eutrophication. The paper systematically described the P forms in nature and its environmental behavior. It also analyzed the P stability and P transport and transforma- tion. Meanwhile,we emphasized how the pH value, carbon and acid deposition affected P stability in soil. Further- more, the paper explored the P and stability and bioavailability in water environment and its role in water eutrophica- tion and clarified the key action of dissolved phosphatase in water eutrophication. At last, we put forward to the ne- cessityfor establishing new standards and associated analysis methods in water eutrophication to strengthen the research on P cycle in wetland ecosystem and further enhance P supply potential in forestry ecosystem.