胃癌干细胞的研究进展

Progress of gastric cancer stem ceils

胃癌死亡率在全球肿瘤中居第3位，发病主要危险因素有先天遗传因素、电离辐射、化学致癌物质、幽门螺旋杆菌、环境饮食等，这些因素导致癌基因过度表达，抑癌基因表达下调，从而使癌细胞异常增殖，导致癌症发生。随着研究不断地深入，发现肿瘤干细胞在胃癌的发生、发展中扮演着重要角色，提示胃癌的发生可能与干细胞疾病有关。文章主要对胃癌干细胞的特点、来源、鉴定、分离方法、标志物及信号通路进行综述。

Gastric cancer ranks the third mortality of tumors around the world. The major influencing factors include genetic factors, ionizing radiation, chemical carcinogens, helicobacter pylori, environment and diet, leading to over-expression of oncogene and down-regulation of tumor-suppressor gene and resulting in abnormal proliferation of cancer cells even cancer. With the in-depth research, it has shown that the cancer stem cell plays an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, and it has indicated that the occurrence of gastric cancer may be associated with diseases related to stem cell. This paper reviews the characteristics, source, identification, separation methods, markers, and signal pathways of gastric cancer stem cells.