皖西地区示禁碑刻与地方社会治理

Forbidden Monument and Local Social Governance in West Anhui Area

明清民国时期皖西地区留存有大量的示禁碑刻,包括告示碑、条例碑、禁止碑3类。它是地方官府与乡族社会组织(包括宗族、保甲组织、寺庙道观、民间组织等)出于"防患于未然"和"亡羊后补牢"的策略,维护社会秩序而昭告晓谕示禁某些事项的一种形式。通过对皖西示禁碑刻的考察,可以看出主要是基于利益纷争的调节、社会治安的应对、社会秩序的稳定、地方公益的维护、社会弊端的禁革等原因设立。皖西示禁碑刻是古代"刻石纪法"的体现,它是皖西地方官府所拥有的官权力及士绅、衿耆等地方精英代表所形成的"民间公权力"的象征,在一定程度上体现了地方社会的治理轨迹。

West Anhui area has retained a large number of forbidden monument from Ming and Qing Dynasty to Republic,including the three types of notices tablet,tablet monument,the prohibition tablet.It is a kind of form for the local government and clan social organizations(including clan,Baojia organizes,Taoist and Buddhism temples and other non-governmental organizations)to maintain social order,proclaim publicly,give explicit instructions,show prohibit certain matters for"nip in the bud"and"mend the fold after the sheep have been stolen"Strategy.Through the investigation of forbidden monument in West Anhui area,it was made mainly for the following reasons:the adjustment of the interests dispute,security of society answer,the stability of the social order,the maintenance of local public welfare,reform social abuses etc.Forbidden monument in West Anhui area are embodiment of ancient"grindstone carving method";it symbolizes r official power of the local government in West Anhui and nongovernmental public power of the local gentry and elite representative.To a certain extent,it reflects the governance track of local society.