试论李重华“诗有三要”说

The Thought of Li Chong-hua “Three Elements of Poetry”

李重华在清代诗坛别树一帜。他提出"诗有三要"的诗学观点,即发窍于音、征色于象、运神于意,对诗歌音韵声律、设色构象和立意内蕴及其间相互关系有独到的见解。对于诗歌的音韵声律,他崇尚"天籁",主张初学者从悟音入手,而又不拘泥于音律的规律。对于诗歌的设色构象,他重视写景在赋比兴手法中的作用。对于诗歌的立意内蕴,他追求以"神"运意的境界。

Li Chong-hua has a unique identity in Qing poetic history.He claimed the views of"Three Elements of Poetry".He had a distinct perspective about harmonious rhythm,depicting scenes and the sensation and thinking and its intrinsic relationship to each other.He praised "Voice of nature"as well.He advocated from the understanding of temperament to learn poetry of beginners instead of rigidly adhering to the tone.He emphasizes the role of description of the scene in the artistic technique of FU and BI and Xing and pursued the realm behind the poetry language.A lot of the essence of his poetic thought is worthy to learn for later scholars.