“做”伦理学：现代道德哲学及其代价

Doing Ethics: Modern Moral Philosophy and Its Costs

现代道德哲学认为,在现代道德世界,伦理探究的合法工具是哲学;而以哲学化方式,证成特定伦理生活形式的价值和客观性是伦理探究的主旨议题。但是,由于现代道德世界的某种固有特征,现代道德哲学面临着一个严重的论证裂隙。为了弥合这一裂隙,现代道德哲学试图诉诸于某些有关人性的哲学化论证。这些尝试是失败的。它们的失败,不仅在于其具体论证策略不恰当,更说明哲学化并不是对伦理学学科本质和事业目标的恰当理解。

The subject matter of ethics has been defined for several centuries as academic philosophizing.In order to achieve its primary goal of being a kind of philosophy,ethics in the modern world establishes its own mission as being the justification of the validity and objectivity of ethical codes and ways of life.Nevertheless,the modern world contains certain innate ethical characteristics which make this mission very tough.With the ambition of fulfilling this mission,modern moral philosophy appeals to many argumentative strategies,and especially to different theories of human nature.But all such attempts seemingly have failed.The great urgency for ethical inquiry nowadays should be reconsidering the nature and goal of ethics and eliminating many inappropriate ways of philosophizing.