妊娠期常见肾损伤的临床研究

Clinical study of common renal injury during pregnancy

妊娠期间,孕妇多个系统均会发生特殊的生理变化,肾脏亦出现一系列生理性改变,部分孕妇肾脏可伴发病理性改变导致疾病发生。常见妊娠相关肾损伤主要包括妊娠期高血压相关肾损伤、妊娠期急性肾损伤和妊娠相关的特殊肾损伤等。慢性肾脏病的女性合并妊娠,可能加重原有肾脏疾病甚至导致肾衰竭出现。本文通过对妊娠期肾脏生理特点、常见妊娠相关肾损伤和妊娠合并慢性肾脏病进行总结和综述,以提高临床医生对妊娠期常见肾损伤的关注及认识。

During pregnancy period, the body system of pregnant women has some special adaptive changes including in kidney. However, some pathological changes in kidney may cause diseases. The common pregnancy-related renal injury includes gestational hypertension related renal injury, acute renal injury during pregnancy, and gestational special renal injury. As long as the chronic kidney disease（CKD） combines with pregnancy, the CKD patient＇s condition might be aggravated and even renal failure. This review describes renal physiology characteristics, common pregnancy-ralated renal injury and CKD combined with pregnancy, to improve the clinical treatment of gestational common renal injury.