果蔬垃圾好氧堆肥小试研究

A Laboratory Test on Aerobic Composting of Fruit and Vegetable Waste

为了探索果蔬垃圾的就地处理模式,研发加工了1套处理能力为2 t/d的果蔬垃圾好氧堆肥处理设备,并进行了小试工艺研究。实验表明,经过破碎和压榨组合脱水预处理后,果蔬垃圾的含水率由90%以上降低到60%左右。含水率的降低不仅减少了后续的好氧堆肥的负荷,还使好氧堆肥主发酵阶段的周期从1个月缩短为7 d左右。主发酵产物再经过21 d左右的二次发酵,能够得到完全腐熟的肥料。破碎压榨组合脱水预处理结合好氧堆肥处理工艺能够在源头实现果蔬垃圾的无害化、减量化和资源化,具有良好的环境效益和经济效益。

In order to investigate the in situ treatment mode of fruit and vegetable waste, an aerobic composting labora- tory device of 2 t/d was produced and several laboratory tests were carried out for process research. The results illustrated that moisture content of fruit and vegetable waste decreased from more than 90% to about 60%, after crushing and squeezing. The drop of moisture content not only led to reduction in aerobic composting load, but also decreased main fermentation from 1 month to nearly 7 days. After 21 days, the products of main fermentation changed into thoroughly decomposed fertilizer. The study demonstrated that it is an effective in situ process to aerobic compost fruit and vegetable waste after crushing and squeezing, which could also realize the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of fruit and vegetable waste from the beginning. The process has both economic and environmental benefits.