中国对外援助时空变迁与新时代援助策略

The Spatial and Temporal Changes in Chinese Foreign Aid and Aid Strategies in New Era

自1960年代至今，中国对外援助空间布局具有从区域转向全球、重点从亚洲转向非洲和最不发达地区等特点。研究表明，这样的整体布局是合理的，但也存在与西方援助地域同质化、空间冲突逐渐加剧和掌控能力有所削弱等倾向。主要原因有援助战略考虑、各方利益博弈、综合国力不足等。随着“一带一路”和构建人类命运共同体倡议的提出与实施，我国逐步走向世界舞台的中心，对外援助空间格局的调整与优化十分必要。中国应当构建新的对外援助战略格局，发挥我国特色与比较优势，结合各受援国实际，在新时代彰显大国责任，提高国际影响力，推动世界和谐发展与进步。

Since 1960s, spatial distribution of Chinese foreign aid has two main characters： changing from the region to the global range, and shifting emphasis from Asian to African countries and the least-developed countries. The Study shows that the overall layout is reasonable but there exit problems of serious homogenization with Western countries, more spatial conflicts and lack of power to controlling space. The reasons lie in the unclear strategic thinking of development cooperation, the profit games among countries and insufficient comprehensive national strength. With taking initiatives of the Belt and Road and building a community of shared future for mankind, China is playing a central role in the world. It becomes the chance for the transformation and optimization of spatial distribution of Chinese foreign aid. China should build a new strategic pattern, develop comparative advantages based on the real condition of the recipient country, fulfill its responsibility as a big power, increase international influence, and contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.