嘉陵江流域传统村落空间分布及成因分析

Spatial Distribution and Influential Factors of Traditional Villages in Jialing River Basin

传统村落是时代的产物，其空间分布是自然环境和人文社会因素综合作用的结果。运用GIS空间分析法与分形理论对嘉陵江流域传统村落的空间分布及其影响因素进行深入分析。结果表明：①嘉陵江流域传统村落空间分布类型为凝聚型，呈现出“大分散、小集聚”的空间分布格局；②嘉陵江流域传统村落空间分布呈现出较为复杂的分形结构，且分形结构大致沿着流域内部河流等线状要素展开；③嘉陵江流域传统村落的空间分布是地形地貌、水系、经济发展水平、交通可达性、地域文化等因素共同作用的结果；④嘉陵江流域传统村落的空间分布表现出更为明显的“亲水性”以及上中下游、干支流的差异性等空间特征，彰显出流域这一特殊地理单元的个性。

Traditional village is the witness of history, its spatial distribution is the result of the combined action of natural environment and social and cultural factors. With GIS spatial analysis method and grid dimension, this paper deeply analyzes the spatial distribution and influential factors of traditional villages in Jialing River basin. The result shows that： firstly, the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Jialing River basin is condensed type, shows the spatial distribution pattern of ＂big scattered, small agglomeration＂. Secondly, the spatial structure of traditional villages in Jialing River basin is fractal, which is rather complicated and spreads through the internal system linear elements such as river. Thirdly, the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Jialing River basin is the result of the combined action of landform, river system, climate condition, economic development level, traffic accessibility and regional culture etc.. Fourthly, the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Jialing River basin shows the characteristic of obvious water-loving and difference between upstream, midstream and lower stream, between main stream and tributary.