铜陵冬瓜山铜矿水文地质特征及防治水对策

Hydrogeological Characteristics and Countermeasures of Water Prevention and Controlling in Dongguashan Copper Mine in Tongling City

冬瓜山铜矿北段矿体埋藏较深,水文地质条件较复杂。分析了该矿区的水文地质条件,重点阐述了矿区含(隔)水层特征、破碎带水文地质特征以及矿山水害情况,并讨论了矿山主要突水水源与突水通道。研究表明:(1)矿区含(隔)水层可划分为松散岩类孔隙含水岩组、碳酸盐岩类岩溶裂隙含水岩组、碳酸盐岩类夹碎屑岩类溶蚀裂隙含水岩组、碎屑岩类裂隙含水岩组、岩浆岩类裂隙含水岩组等5个含水岩组;(2)矿区主要破碎带有龙塘湖破碎带、铜塘冲破碎带以及阴涝—大冲破碎带,该类破碎带沟通了含水层之间的水力联系,强化了地下水径流,为矿区地下水的主要导水通道;(3)浅层地下水为矿床充水的主要水源,目前矿区的坑道涌水点出露于顶板接触带、底板接触带以及岩体接触带,以裂隙涌水为主,矿区充水途径主要有构造破碎带、岩体接触带、层间构造、青山背斜轴部裂隙密集带以及未封孔或封孔质量不合格的勘探钻孔。在上述分析的基础上,为有效解决该矿井下突水问题并降低工程成本,采用井下封堵导水通道的方式进行涌水治理,详细阐述了具体的技术工艺实施要点,取得了较好的实践成效,对于类似深井开采的矿山井下涌水防治有一定的参考价值。

The north section ore-body of Dongguagshan Copper Deposit in Tongling City is buried deeply,the hydrogeological condition of the mining area is complex. The hydrogeological condition of the mining area is analyzed in detail,the geological characteristics of water-bearing layers of the mining area and the hydrogeological characteristics of fracture zone of the mining area are discussed in depth,besides that,the main water inrush source and water inrush channel of the mining area are analyzed. The study results show that：（1）the water-bearing（ water-resisting） layer in the mining area can be divided into loose rock type pore water-bearing rock group,carbonate rock type karst fissure water-bearing rock group,carbonate rock with type clastic rock karst fissure water-bearing rock group,clastic rock type fissure waterbearing rock group and magmatic rock type fissure water-bearing rock group;（2）the main fracture zones of the mining area are Longtanghu fracture zone,Tongtangchong fracture zone and Yinlao-Dachong fracture zone,hydraulic connection of the water-bearing layers is established,the groundwater runoff of the mining area is strengthened,they are the main groundwater guiding channels in the mining area;（3） shallow groundwater is the main source of water filling of the deposit,at present,the pit water points of the mining area are mainly distributed at roof contact belt,floor contact belt and rock mass contact belt,the main water filling methods of the mining area are structural fracture belt,rock mass contact belt,inter-layer structure,fissure density distribution belt of Qinshan anticlinal axis and unsealed exploration boreholes or the ones with poor sealing effect. Based on the above discussion results,in order to solve the water inrush problem of the mining area and reduce the engineering cost,the water inrush of the mining area is solved by taking method of underground sealing water channel,the implementation key points of the specific technical process is introduced,and the ideal practice effect is obtained,so as to provide some relative reference for the water prevention and controlling of the deep mining mines.