大豆油制备生物柴油KF/ZrO_2固体碱催化剂性能研究

Study on properties of KF/ZrO_2 solid alkaline catalysts for transesterification of soybean oil to make biodiesel

采用浸渍法制备了KF/ZrO_2固体碱催化剂,考察了焙烧温度、负载量、醇油物质的量比和催化剂用量等因素对催化剂性能的影响。XRD表征表明,活性组分在载体表面高度分散,ZrO_2以单斜晶相形式存在,表现出较好的催化活性。对催化剂性能进行测试表明,焙烧温度为500℃,负载量为ZrO_2质量的40%时活性最佳。通过考察酯交换反应的影响因素可知,在醇油物质的量的比为10∶1、催化剂质量为大豆油质量的3%、60℃反应4 h时,生物柴油的最高产率达到89.3%。

KF/ZrO2 solid alkaline catalysts are prepared by the immersion method and the effects of the calcination temperature,KF loading amount,molar ratio of alcohol to oil and mass ratio of catalyst to oil on the properties of catalysts are investigated. XRD characterization shows that ZrO2 exists in the form of monoclinic crystal phase and the active components disperse highly on the surface of carrier,which represents a good catalytic activity. The results indicate that the catalytic activity is the best when calcination temperature is at 500℃ and KF loading amount is 40% of ZrO2. The yield of biodiesel reaches 89. 3%,the highest,when the molar ratio of alcohol to soybean oil is 10 ∶ 1,and mass ratio of catalyst to soybean oil is 3% and reaction lasts for 6 h at 60℃.