核电站放射性废液处理过程采用机械蒸汽再压缩技术特性研究

Characteristics of mechanical vapor recompression technology for treatment of liquid radioactive wastes in nuclear power stations

为解决核电站放射性废液的处理问题,设计研究了一套高效、节能的机械蒸汽再压缩(MVR)热泵蒸发浓缩系统,并以含放射性同位素的硝酸锶和硝酸钴溶液来模拟实际含锶和钴元素放射性废液的蒸发浓缩过程。结果表明,系统蒸发量、换热系数、容积效率随蒸发温度变化明显;系统蒸发量、COP受压缩比影响较大;系统去污性能显著,去污因子达1 500。

An efficient and energy-saving mechanical vapor recompression（ MVR） heat pump evaporation and concentration system is designed to handle liquid radioactive wastes in nuclear power stations. The solution of strontium nitrate and cobalt nitrate is used to simulate the evaporation and concentration process of the actual liquid radioactive wastes which contain strontium and cobalt. The results show that the evaporation capacity,coefficient of heat transfer and volumetric efficiency of this system change significantly when the evaporating temperature changes. Both the evaporation capacity and coefficient of performance（ COP） are influenced obviously by the compression ratio. The decontamination ability of this system is so strong that the decontamination factor reaches 1 500.