应用PDCA减少实习生血源性职业暴露发生的现状分析及干预措施

Application of PDCA to reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure to occupational health and the intervention measures

目的探讨PDCA减少实习生血源性职业暴露发生的现状和干预措施。方法随机选取本院2016年1月~12月期间实习生160人,根据是否实施PDCA循环管理分为两组,2016年1月~6月未实施PDCA循环管理的实习生为对照组,2016年7月~12月实施PDCA循环管理的实习生为观察组,观察两组实习生血源性职业暴露发生的种类和发生情况。结果实习生发生职业暴露主要是由医疗废物处理、拔针时、手术刀片或缝针、注射时等其他操作引起的,两组实习生拔针时、手术刀片或缝针等其他操作、注射时等操作职业暴露率比较差异无统计学意义,且对照组的8.75%医疗废物处理职业暴露发生率高于观察组1.25%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PDCA循环管理可降低实习生锐器伤发生情况进而减少实习生血源性职业暴露的风险,临床应用前景广阔。

Objective To explore the status quo and intervention measures ofPDCA to reduce the occurrenceofblood-inducedoccupationalexposure of interns. Mothods 160 interns were randomly selected from January to December of our hospital. According to whether the implementation of PDCA cycle management was divided into two groups, the interns who did not implement PDCA cycle management from January to June 2016 were the control group, 2016 From July to December to implement the PDCA cycle management interns for the observation group, observe the two groups of students in the blood of occupational exposure occurred in the occurrence and occurrence of the situation. Fiost/Its Occupational expo- sure of interns was mainly caused by medical waste treatment, needle extraction, surgical blade or needle, injection and other operations caused by the two groups of interns when the needle, the surgical blade or needle and other operations, injection. The incidence of occupational exposure was higher in the control group than in the observation group （1.25%）（P 〈0.05）. Gonclusion PDCA cycle management can reduce the incidence of acute injury in interns and reduce the risk of occupational exposure to occupational health. The clinical application prospect is broad.