湖北省绿肥种植效益与扩大种植面积对策研究

Benefit of Green Manure and Countermeasures of Enlarge Planting Area in Hubei Province

对湖北省绿肥种植效益、种植可行性、绿肥种植面积缩减的原因进行了调研,并对扩大绿肥种植面积提出了对策与建议。结果显示,绿肥种植效益显著,一是提高土壤有机质含量,改善土壤理化性状,提高养分利用率,增加作物养分供给量;二是增加作物产量,减少化肥投入,提高农产品产值,消除连作障碍;三是有效拓宽产业维度,推动种养结合,对接乡村旅游,发展新兴产业。湖北省有成功的绿肥种植历史,可开发面积较大,且财政支持的绿肥种植试验示范取得明显效果。由于存在直接经济效益不明显、水供给矛盾突出、基层农业技术推广难度大、配套技术不成熟等问题,湖北省绿肥种植面积一直无法提高。为扩大绿肥种植面积,落实中央绿色发展理念,建议加强示范与宣传,积极拓宽财政支持方式,构建多部门协作机制,坚定全程社会服务基调,并因地制宜构建绿肥生产格局。

The green manure planting benefit, feasibility and the reasons of planting area reducing were investigated and surveyed,and the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. The results show that planting benefit of green manure is remarkable,first,which can improve soil organic matter content and physical and chemical properties,and increase the utilization rate of nutrients and crop nutrient supply;Second,which can increase crop yield,reduce the fertilizer input,enhance the output value of agricultural products,and eliminate the continuous cropping obstacle;Third, which can effectively broade the industry,promote planting and breeding,dock rural tourism and development new industries. Hubei province has a successful green manure planting history,development area is larger,and financial support for green manure planting experiment and demonstration obtained obvious effect. Because direct economic benefit is not obvious,the contradiction in water supply is highlight,basic-level agro-technique extension is difficult,and the problem such as supporting technology is not mature,green manure planting area of Hubei province have not been able to improve. To expand cultivated area of green manure and implement the central concept of green development,demonstration and propaganda should be strengthened, the way of financial support should be actively widen,the multi-sectoral cooperation mechanisms should be build,the entire social service tone should be strengthen,and measures to green manure production pattern should be build by local conditions.