论弥尔顿的政治十四行诗——兼论弥尔顿对英语十四行诗的贡献

On John Milton's Political Sonnets:and his contributions to English sonnets

动荡不安的17世纪英国社会激发了文人的创造力,从意大利引进的十四行诗在这个时期的英国诗人手里得到了创造性的使用,其中的佼佼者便是约翰·弥尔顿。首先对弥尔顿所创作的英语十四行诗进行梳理,然后对其中八首富含政治内容的诗作进行分析并对诗人于英语十四行诗的贡献作出评价,最后以最具代表性的三首十四行诗为例对弥尔顿的创新与贡献进行论证。弥尔顿对英语十四行诗的创新与贡献表现在三个方面:题材的拓展,结构的创新和韵式的灵活处理。前者与时代氛围相关联,后两者则是诗人深厚古典语言文化功底的自然表现。

The 17th century for England is one of constant social unrest and one that initiated the creativity of literary figures. The sonnet,for instance,which was introduced into England from Italy in the previous century,was now reformed and revitalized by the English poets,of whom was the great John Milton. This paper first clarifies the 25 sonnets composed by Milton,and then makes an overall analysis of his 8 political sonnets as well as his contribution to the development of English sonnets. Finally,it makes a detailed analysis of Milton's 3 representative political sonnets and an effort to justifiy the overall judgement. Milton's contribution is three-fold: his extension of the theme,his innovation in the structure and his flexible application of the rhyme scheme. The theme is the inevitable refelxion of his age while the innovation of structure and rhyme is the natural outcome of his good education in classical languages and culture.