基于交互式多模型的双站高频地波雷达机动目标跟踪算法

IMM Based Maneuvering Target Tracking Algorithm for Bi-Station High Frequency Surface Wave Radar

在实际应用中,由于高频地波雷达的测向精度较低,利用单站式雷达系统进行目标跟踪容易造成偏差。然而,在双站式雷达系统中,可以只利用位置和速度信息进行跟踪来避免了方位不精确带来的影响。同时,在双站式雷达体制下,仍然存在提高机动目标跟踪精度的需求。因此,本文提出一种基于交互式多模型(IMM)的跟踪算法,该算法通过建立不同的运动模型来反映目标不同的运动状况,并以此来估计目标的真实运动状态。仿真结果表明,对于双站高频地波雷达机动目标跟踪,IMM算法表现出比传统的单模算法更好的跟踪性能。

The high frequency surface wave radar is widely applied as the characteristic of beyond visual range,in many fields,but due to the limitation of the length of the radar and the interference of outside factors,the direction finding accuracy is low when the long-range target is tracked with low single to noise ratio,which causes the deviation of the detected position and damages the formation of the track for the single station radar system.However,the bi-station high frequency surface wave radar system which has been proposedcan abandon using the inaccurate azimuth measurement,in which two radars placed by the seaside observes the target independently.Then the position and velocity information in a plane coordinate system is derived from the acquired radial position and velocity with high accuracy,which avoidsthe effects of the inaccurate azimuth measurement and ensure the tracking accuracy.At the same time,in this bi-station radar system,there is still the situation that the target may be maneuvering,and the whole movement process is hardly described by a single model.Therefore,atracking algorithm based on interactive multiple models（IMM）is proposed in this paperfor bi-static high frequency surface wave radar maneuvering target tracking.Firstly,the algorithm establishes a model set containing different motion model to reflect the complicated movement process.Secondly,according to these models,the nonlinear filters are designed to acquire the state estimation and probability of each model.Finally,the mixed estimation of the maneuvering target is obtained by weighted summation and used as the input of the next moment.With the bi-station high frequency surface wave radar system,the results of the simulation show that this algorithm proposed in this paper have higher tracking accuracy and better stability than the traditional filters of the single model,and there are both theoretical and practical significance for the maneuvering target tracking in ship detection field.