“四库七阁仿天一”所反映的清代皇家园林写仿江南的三个阶段

The Three Phases of the Imperial Gardens in the Period of Qianlong: a Case Study of the Seven Imperial Libraries of "Siku Quanshu" in the North

本文以乾隆南巡为线索,梳理乾隆写仿江南园林的三个阶段。以写仿浙江宁波天一阁的北京紫禁城文渊阁、圆明园文源阁、承德避暑山庄文津阁、盛京宫殿文溯阁、镇江金山文宗阁、扬州天宁寺文汇阁和杭州圣因寺文澜阁为例,以测绘图纸、复原设计和档案文献为依托,甄别其各自的园林特色,并与天一阁园林空间进行对比研究,以期探寻看似相同原型、相同功能的系列园林建筑,在不同环境、不同时期建设中,所反映的乾隆皇帝对所仿写江南园林的阐释和转译。

This paper takes the six inspection tours to southern China made by Emperor Qianlong as a clue,analyses the emperor＇s three stages of learning and practicing from Jiangnan Garden.In the last stage,emphasis seven imperial libraries-Wenyuan Pavilion in the Forbidden City,Wenyuan Pavilion in Yuanmingyuan Park,Wenjin Pavilion in Mountain Resort,Wensu Pavilion in Mukden Palace,Wenzong Pavilion in Zhenjiang,Wenhui Pavilion in Yangzhou and Wenlan Pavilion in Hangzhou-imitate Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo to store Siku Quanshu.Based on restoration study and archives,the paper distinguishes their respective garden features and space types,compares with the Tianyi Pavilion,in order to explore Emperor Qianlong＇s concept to interpret and translate one Jiangnan Garden to seven different imperial libraries.