河南省中学生严重伤害发生现况

Cross-sectional investigation of serious injuries among middle school students in Henan Province

目的了解河南省中学生严重伤害发生现状,为制定严重伤害的预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,在河南省14个市县抽取初、高中学生30 260人,使用《中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》进行现场调查。结果中学生严重伤害发生率为14.3%,共发生严重伤害5 411人次,人次发生率为17.9%,人均严重伤害发生频率为1.3次。平均因伤请假天数2.2 d。城市中学生严重伤害发生率低于农村(P<0.05),男生高于女生(P<0.05),学习成绩越差,严重伤害发生率越高(P<0.05)。扭伤、跌坠伤是最常见的受伤原因,割伤、刺伤或捅伤是最常见的症状或体征。家中、校园、公路/街道/车站/渡口/码头等交通场所是最常见的受伤地点。结论河南省中学生严重伤害发生率虽处于国内中等水平,但仍不可忽视。相关部门应采取综合干预措施,预防和控制中学生严重伤害的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence of serious injuries among middle school students in Henan Province, in order to provide the evidence for developing practical preventive and control interventions. Methods Totally 30260 students were selected from 14 provincial cities and counties by stratified random cluster sampling method, and they were investigated with＂China Youth Health Risk Behaviors Questionnaire＂. Results The prevalence rate of serious injuries was 14.3%, and the rate of person-time was 17.9%（5 411 person-time）. The frequency of per capita was 1.3, and the average absent days caused by serious injuries was 2.2 days. The rate in urban area was lower than that in rural area（P0.05）, and the rate of the boys were higher than that of the girls（P0.05）. The serious injuries rate increased with the academic record descending（P0.05）. Sprain and fall were the main causes of serious injuries, cut and bone-joint were the most frequent results of serious injuries, and the main places were the house, campus, highway, street, station, pier, ferry and so on. Conclusion The prevalence of serious injuries among middle school students in Henan Province is at the national average level. However,the effective comprehensive intervention measures still should be taken, so as to prevent and control serious injuries in middle school students.