俄藏黑水城文獻No.5870西夏文草書借貸契研究

On A group of Documents( No. 5870) of Debit and Credit Contracts in Tangut Script Unearthed in Khara Khoto

黑水城出土的一組(5870號)西夏文借貸契爲草書寫本,有契約十九件,均爲普渡寺出貸糧食的契約。本文將西夏文草書轉録成楷書,譯爲漢文,並進行初步研究。各契約形制規範,清楚地記録了出貸人、貸糧種類與數量、利率、借貸期限、違約賠付及借貸人和證人等資訊,展現出西夏糧食借貸的原始面貌。契約内容不僅與法律條文互相呼應,還處處體現着規避風險的措施。多樣的利率不僅有助於對西夏糧食借貸利率的了解,也有助於理解西夏文對利率的表述方式。

A group of documents(No.5870)of Debit and Credit Contracts in Tangut script Unearthed in Khara Khoto was Tangut cursive manuscript in which had 19 loaned grain contracts of Pudu Temple.This article transcribed Tangut cursive into regular script and then translated into Chinese,made a preliminary study.Each contract had regular form and clearly recorded the lender,the loan type and quantity of grain,interest rate,loan term,and loan payment for breach of contract,witnesses and other information,is the Xixia socioeconomic studies of precious raw materials.The contract not only work in concert with law,but also all reflect the measures to avoid risks.A variety of interest rates contribute to the understanding of the Xixia lending rates,interest rates also help to understand the Xixia way of its expression.