产业集聚对工业污染排放影响的实证研究——基于制造业集聚和服务业集聚对比的研究

Empirical Research on the Influence of Industrial Agglomeration on Industrial Pollution Emission: Based on the Comparison of Manufacturing Agglomeration and Service Industry Agglomeration

我国经济发展在取得巨大成就的同时也带了诸多问题,特别是环境污染问题。目前,对产业集聚的环境外部性问题学界尚没有统一的结论。鉴于不同形式的集聚对污染排放的机理不同,使用2005-2014年中国276个地级及以上城市的面板数据,基于制造业集聚和服务业集聚对比的视角,运用固定效应回归方法实证研究了产业集聚对污染排放的影响。从结果来看,制造业集聚显著增加了城市污染排放,服务业集聚降低了城市污染排放。而对细分服务业集聚的研究发现,消费性服务业集聚、生产性服务业集聚、公共性服务业集聚均具有显著的污染减排效应。

China's economic development has made great achievements and also brought various problems especially environmental pollutions. Currently,there is no commonly accepted conclusion about the environmental externalities of industrial agglomeration. In view of different influences of different agglomerations on pollution emission,this paper adopts panel data of cities at the prefectural level and above from 2005 to 2014 and uses the fixed effects regression method for the research on the influence of industrial agglomeration on pollution emission,which is based on the comparison of manufacturing agglomeration and service industry agglomeration. The result shows that manufacturing agglomeration apparently increases urban pollution emission,while service industry agglomeration decreases urban pollution emission. Further subdivision of service industry agglomeration shows that consumer service industry agglomeration,productive service industry agglomeration and public service industry agglomeration all have significant emission reduction effect.