2012—2016年中山市小榄人民医院高危妊娠孕产妇营养相关知识知晓状况及其影响因素

Awareness of nutrition related knowledge and its influencing factors among high-risk pregnant women in Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan City from 2012-2016

目的了解高危妊娠孕产妇营养相关知识知晓状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法对2012—2016年中山市小榄人民医院妇产科收治的665例高危妊娠孕产妇进行问卷调查。结果调查对象的营养知识平均得分为9.56±2.47,合格率为48.27%;营养知识得分在不同文化程度、职业、家庭月收入及居住地间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对部分知识点的了解较低,"我国建议孕妇每天食盐摄入量"及"早、中、晚三餐所提供能量的合适比例"的知识点答对率均在20.00%以下;"叶酸补充的目的"、"粮食碾磨精度越高是否营养价值越高"及"妊娠高血压与盐摄入量的关系"的答对率呈逐年增高的趋势(P<0.05);社会支持总分(OR=2.128)、文化程度(OR=1.367)及家庭月收入(OR=3.425)是影响高危妊娠孕产妇营养知识掌握程度的重要因素。结论高危妊娠孕产妇对营养相关知识掌握程度偏低,社会支持总分、文化程度和家庭月收入越高,营养知识得分越高,应有重点的对目标人群进行宣传教育。

[Objective] To understand the awareness of nutrition related knowledge among high-risk pregnant women,explore its influencing factors. [Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted on 665 high-risk pregnant women who were treated in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Xiaolan People＇s Hospital of Zhongshan City from 2012-2016.[Results]The average score of nutrition knowledge was 9.56±2.47 with the pass rate of 48.27%. The differences in the score were statistically significant among patients with different educational level,occupation,family monthly income and residence. The awareness rates of some knowledge points were low,which the correct rates of recommended daily intake of salt intake of pregnant women in China and the appropriate proportion of energy provided by early,middle and late meals were lower than 20.00%. The correct rates of the purpose of folic acid supplement,whether the nutritional value increases with the increase of grain milling accuracy and relationship between pregnancy-induced hypertension and salt intake was increasing year by year（P0.05）. Social support score（OR=2.128）,education level（OR=1.367）,family monthly income（OR=3.425）were important factor affecting the nutrition knowledge of high-risk pregnant women.[Conclusion]The awareness rate of nutrition related knowledge among high-risk pregnant women is low. The higher the social support score,education level and family monthly income, the higher the nutrition knowledge score. It is necessary to carry out the publicity and education on targeted population.