马克思的价值转形问题研究——对博特凯维兹式研究的评论

Research on K.Marx Value Transformation Problem:Comments on the Type of L.V. Bortkiewicz's Research

博特凯维兹式研究的核心问题是把商品生产中的投入转化为生产价格后,马克思的两个总量相等的论断是否成立。相关研究采用博特凯维兹的方法,使用不同的假定得出了不同的结果,看似在维护马克思的理论,实际上是误解。同时,博特凯维兹等的模型以价格代替生产价格,以货币作为计量单位,离开了马克思以劳动时间作为计量单位的出发点,从而与劳动价值论相悖。马克思在阐发转形问题时,并非忽略了投入的转化问题,而是对该问题进行了详细的说明。虽然博特凯维兹式研究中的联立方程式与马克思的再生产图式没有多少共同之处,但其毕竟促进了对马克思主义政治经济学的深入研究,因而具有积极意义。

The core issue of the type of L.V.Bortkiewicz＇s research is when the investment of commodity production has been converted to producer price,K.Marx ＇ s judgment of two total values equals is set up whether or not.Relevant researchers adopt L.V.Bortkiewicz ＇s methods,using of different assumption has come to different results.It seems to maintain the theory of K.Marx,actually it is a misunderstanding.In the meantime,L.V.Bortkiewicz ＇s model takes price instead of producer prices and uses currency as a unit of measurement.This model departure from the theory of K.Marx using labor time as a unit of measurement and is contrary to the value of labor theory.When K.Marx elucidated the problem of transformation,he has not ignored the investment converting issue.On the contrary,he made a detailed explanation of this issue.Although the simultaneous equations from the type of L.V.Bortkiewicz ＇s research has little in common with K.Marx ＇s reproduction diagram analysis method,however,their research is positive to promote the study of Marxist political economics.