2013—2015年南昌市某卷烟厂噪声作业工人职业健康状况

Occupational health status of workers exposed to noise in a cigarette factory in Nanchang City from 2013-2015

目的探讨生产性噪声对南昌市某卷烟厂车间噪声作业工人听力损失的连续性影响,为保护噪声职业接触者身体健康,控制职业病危害因素提供依据。方法回顾性分析南昌市某卷烟厂车间噪声接触人员2013—2015年的职业健康检查结果,结合19个噪声监测点的现场噪声强度,分析连续2013—2015年听力损失的动态变化及其影响因素。结果随着噪声接触时间的延长,工龄≥10年组发生听力损失的风险是<10年组的3.40倍。高血压和心电图异常的检出率出现上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2分别为13.62、6.15,均P<0.05)。结论长期处在噪声环境中,听觉系统和心血管系统都会受到不良影响,随着工龄的增加影响增大。因此,提醒企业不仅要加强职业健康监护,同时应注意其他内科疾病的防制。

[Objective] To investigate the continuous effects of productive noise on hearing loss in noise exposed workers in workshop of a cigarette factory in Nanchang City,provide the basis for protecting the health of workers exposed to occupational noise and controlling occupational hazards.[Methods] A retrospective analysis was performed on the occupational health examination results of noise exposed workers in workshop of a cigarette factory in Nanchang City for three consecutive years（from2013-2015）. Combined with field noise intensities of 19 monitoring points,the dynamic changes of the hearing loss for three consecutive years and its influencing factors were analyzed.[Results] With the extension of noise exposure time,the risk of hearing loss in group of working length ≥10 years was 3.40 times as more as that in group of working length 10 years. The detection rates of hypertension and electrocardiographic abnormalities showed rising trend,and the differences were statistically significant（χ~2=13.62,6.15,P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The long-term exposure to noise environment can affect the auditory system and cardiovascular system,and the harm increases with extension of working length. Therefore,it is suggested that the enterprise should not only strengthen the occupational health care but also pay attention to the prevention and control of other diseases.