2016年陕西省某医学院大学生亚健康状况及影响因素

Sub-health status and its influencing factors among students in a medical college of Shaanxi Province in 2016

目的调查陕西省某医学院大学生亚健康状况及其影响因素,为有针对性地制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取陕西省某医学院本科各年级776名大学生作为研究对象,利用《中国城市居民亚健康状况自评量表》,对其亚健康状况进行调查,并利用多因素logistic回归分析大学生亚健康状况的影响因素。结果该医学院大学生亚健康整体检出率为31.19%,不同年级和月生活费的学生检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素logistic回归分析发现,饮食情况、体育锻炼情况、熬夜情况、就业压力、手机使用情况、情绪情况和心理状况是医学院大学生亚健康状况的主要影响因素。其中,按时吃饭、规律锻炼是大学生亚健康状况的保护性因素(OR<1),经常熬夜、就业压力大、使用手机时间过长、焦虑情绪以及不健康心理感受是大学生亚健康状况的危险因素(OR>1)。结论该医学院大学生亚健康检出率低于非医学院校学生,保持规律、良好的生活习惯和生活状态,坚持体育锻炼,合理科学地使用手机,及时疏导就业压力和负面情绪,是提高当代大学生,特别是医学院校大学生健康状态的有效措施。

[Objective]To investigate the sub-health status and its influencing factors of students in a medical college of Shaanxi Province,provide the basis for the formulation of intervention measures.[Methods]776 undergraduates were collected from each grade of a medical college of Shaanxi Province by the stratified cluster sampling method. The Chinese urban residents sub-health status self-rating scale was used to investigate their sub-health status. The influencing factors of sub-health status in college students were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.[Results] The detection rate of sub-health among medical college students was 31.19%,and the differences in detection rate were statistically significant among different groups in grade and monthly living expense（P〈0.05）. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diet situation,physical exercise,stay up all night,employment pressure,cell phone usage,emotional condition and psychological condition were the main influencing factors of sub-health status among medical college students. The protective factors of sub-health status included eating on time and regular physical exercise（OR1）,while often stay up all night,heavy employment pressure,longtime use of mobile phone,anxiety and unhealthy psychological feelings were the risk factors of sub-health status（OR 1）.[Conclusion]The sub-health detection rate of medical college students is lower than that of non-medical college students. To maintain the regular,good habits and living conditions,adhere to physical exercise,rational and scientific use of mobile phones,ease the employment pressure and negative emotions are the effective measures for improving the health status of college students,especially the medical college students.