戴名世与方苞交往考

On the Contact Between DAI Mingshi and FANG Bao

戴名世于桐城派的地位,学界至今尚无定论,但他与方苞的关系极其亲密则是实情。两人既是同籍,且戴名世曾祖父、父亲又与桂林方氏联姻,二人为表兄弟,理应自幼熟悉。但事实上,戴名世三十九岁时才得与方苞于京师太学相识,方苞时年二十四岁。个中原因在于方苞自曾祖既已迁居金陵,其父方仲舒后来入赘吴氏,居住江宁六合留稼村,方苞即出生成长于此。相识后,两人过从甚密。一年后分别,此后聚少离多。戴名世还与方苞父亲方仲舒、兄方舟交好。探讨戴名世与方苞的交往,或有助于梳理桐城派初期发展概况,对评价戴氏于桐城派的地位及影响抑或有所帮助。

DAI Mingshi＇ s position in the Tongcheng School has not been settled yet, but he was extremely close to FANG Bao. They had the same birth place. DAI Mingshi＇ s great-grandfather and his father had been married to the Guilin FANG family. Being cousins, they should be familiar with each other. However, in fact, DAI Mingshi was known to FANG Bao at the age of thirty-nine in Beijing. The reason for this was that FANG Bao＇ s great-grandfather had already moved to Jinling and his father FANG Zhongshu was later adopted into the WU＇s as a son-in-law in Jiangning. FANG Bao was born and raised in Liuxia Village of Liuhe, Jiangsu. After the acquaintance, the two men were very close. One year later, they were separated from each other. DAI was also friendly with FANG Zhongshu and his brother FANG Zhou. To discuss their relationship will help to comb the general situation of the early development of the Tongcheng School and evaluate the status and influence of DAI Mingshi in the Tongcheng School.