基于探地雷达的煤矿开采区地表土壤含水率变化研究

Research on the Change of Surface Soil Water Content in Mining Area Based on Ground Penetrating Radar

利用探地雷达在2013年、2014年对煤矿开采区开采前后土壤含水率进行了探测,并利用地质统计学方法对煤矿开采区土壤含水率的空间变异特征进行了统计分析。研究结果表明,探地雷达能够得到与实验室实测相近的地表土壤含水率。2013、2014年在未开采区L2测线雷达探测土壤含水率分别为0.0837cm^3/cm^3、0.0802cm^3/cm^3,土壤含水率两次探测变化较小,地表土壤水分基本不受降雨等因素的影响。开采区L1测线内开采前土壤含水率为0.083 cm^3/cm^3,开采后地表土壤含水率为0.099 cm^3/cm^3,土壤水分分布主要受沙丘控制,沙丘顶部含水率最小,沙丘底部含水率最大。在开采区正方形小范围内,土壤含水率的分布受植被分布控制,其中沙柳覆盖范围内土壤含水率最大,达到0.12 cm^3/cm^3。该结果有利于辨别影响煤矿开采后地表土壤水分再分布的主要因素,从而为塌陷区复垦提供科学依据。

In this paper, the spatial variability characteristics of surface soil water content in coal mining area were researched and analyzed by ground penetrating radar （GPR） combine with geostatistics in 2013 and 2014. The result shows that the soil water content detected by GPR has the similar accuracy with sampling. In 2013 and 2014, in the L2 survey line of the undeveloped area, the surface soil water content of the radar detection was 0. 0837 cm^3/cm^3 and 0. 0802 cm^3/cm^3, respectively. There was no change in the soil water content between the two surveys, indicating that the surface soil water not affected by rainfall and other factors. The surface soil water content in the L1 survey line of before mining is 0. 083 cm^3/cm^3, the surface soil water content after mining is 0. 099 cm^3/cm^3 , the soil water content is mainly controlled by dunes, the water content at the top of the sand dune is the smallest, and the water content at the bottom of the sand dune is the largest. The distribution of surface soil water content is controlled by vegetation distribution in the small square of the mining area, and the soil water content within the coverage of Salix psammophila is the maximum, reaching 0. 12 cm^3/cm^3. The result is helpful to distinguish the main factors of redistribution of surface soil water after coal mining and provide a scientific basis for the reclamation of the subsidence area.