乾陵无字碑温度场分布规律研究

Study on the temperature field distribution pattern of the Inscriptionless Stele of Qianling Mausoleum

由于长期裸露在自然界中,无字碑表面风化严重,温度是影响无字碑风化的主要因素之一。为了探究无字碑温度场的分布规律,在传热学基本原理的基础上建立了无字碑三维分析模型,基于Comsol Multiphysics仿真软件对无字碑在太阳辐射下的温度场进行了计算。结果表明无字碑温度由表面到内部的变化趋势呈抛物线型,越靠近无字碑中心处日温度变化量越小。随着太阳方位角和高度角的改变,无字碑4个表面温度分布极不均匀,在水平方向和竖直方向均出现了温度梯度,形成了较大温差。该研究结果可为无字碑的保护工作提供科学有效的依据。

Due to long exposure to nature,the Inscriptionless Stele of the Qianling Mausoleum has been suffering from serious weathering on its surface. Temperature is one of the main factors affecting it. In order to explore the distribution regularity of the Inscriptionless Stele temperature field,we constructed a 3 D analytical model of the Inscriptionless Stele based on fundamental principles of heat transfer theory and then calculated its temperature distribution under solar radiation by using Comsol Multiphysics simulation software. The results show that the temperature variation tendency of the Inscriptionless Stele from the surface to the inside manifests itself as a parabola. The closer to the center of the Inscriptionless Stele,the smaller the daily temperature variation. Depending on sun＇s azimuth and elevation angles,the temperature distribution on the four surfaces of the Inscriptionless Stele is extremely uneven. A temperature gradient occurs both horizontally and vertically. The results of this study can provide effective scientific evidence for the protection of the Inscriptionless Stele.