节约型大学校园绿地雨洪管理设计研究

The Water-saving University Campus Greenbelt Rain and Flood Management System Designing:Principles,Methods and Key Points

随着高等教育的迅速发展,大学建设发生翻天覆地的变化,大学校园的景观设计规划水平不断得以提升。但近年来不断发生的大学校园内涝现象,使人们重新认识到大学校园绿地雨洪系统的设计仍然存在不足,特别在雨洪管理方面存在许多缺陷。对此,提升大学校园绿地雨洪管理设计水平,能够有效缓解雨季大学校园雨洪排泄压力,促进雨水自然生态循环,提高水资源可持续利用水平。大学校园绿地特征分析表明,建筑、广场和道路空间较多,大面积的硬质铺装区域雨水径流问题突出;斑块化分散的绿地布局形态导致绿量不足,可调蓄雨水空间有限;传统大学校园绿地使用功能单一,绿地空间多种使用功能无法良好展现;新建校区大学绿地设计偏重景观效果,绿地雨洪管理功能考量不足;老旧大学校区植被绿化功能退化,绿地生态功能发挥受阻。针对节约型大学校园绿地雨洪管理设计原则的主要问题,提出大学校园绿地规划设计原则,并从大学校园建筑、周边广场、休闲游赏绿地和道路绿地几个方面展开,提出节约型大学校园绿地雨洪管理设计方法和要点,希望为其他同行实践者带来借鉴和启迪。

The rapid development of higher education has brought earth-shaking changes to the university campus construction, especially the campus greening, the level of which is constantly rising. Nevertheless, lots of defect exist in the university campus greening, especially in the rain and flood management. A water-saving university campus greenbelt rain and flood management system can effectively release the pressure from the rain and flood discharge and promote both the natural circulation of rain and the sustainable utilization of water resources.This paper, taking the university campus greenbelt as object of research, analyzes the prominent characteristics of the university campus greenbelt, such as the large area of rigid pavement, the lack of concentrated green land, a variety of practical functions, etc., and puts forward the principles of the university campus greenbelt designing according these characteristics. At last, the paper puts forward the methods and key points of the university campus greenbelt designing in the aspects of the university campus architecture, the squares surrounding the school campus, the leisure touring green land and the roadside greenbelt, in hope of providing reference and edification for other peers.