外泌体提取及其在糖尿病肾病诊治中的研究进展

Exosomes:their extraction and its research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy

外泌体是由多种细胞分泌的包含来源细胞所特有的蛋白质、微小RNA(mi RNA)等生物信息的膜性囊泡,它可反映来源细胞的生理和病理状态,并在细胞间信号传递中起重要作用。近年来外泌体已成为研究热点,为多种难治性疾病的诊治带来了希望。本文针对外泌体的提取方法、在糖尿病肾病(DN)的生物标志物及其作为药物载体的研究进展等3个方面进行简要综述,希望为进一步探讨DN的发生发展机制和治疗方法带来新思路。

Exosomes are membrane vesicles secreted by various cells containing unique proteins and mi RNA from secretory cells. They can reflect the physiological and pathological state of secretory cells,and play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. In recent years,the exosomes have become the focus of research,which brings hope for diseases that can not be treated effectively. This review aims to summarize the extraction methods,biological markers of diabetic nephropathy（DN）and the potential of exosomes as drug carriers,hoping to bring new ideas for future studies on the occurrence and development mechanisms as well as the treatment of DN.