国内煤气化废水处理关键问题分析

Key Problem Analysis of Internal Coal Gasification Wastewater Treatment

针对煤气化废水水质特点和处理要求,从预处理、生物处理、深度处理三个方面总结了煤气化废水处理技术现状和关键问题。分析认为:煤气化废水成分复杂、水质波动大、生化抑制剂多、氨氮及难降解有机物浓度高,处理中的关键问题包括氨氮、多元酚的高效脱除、高级氧化工艺运行成本削减、膜分离工艺水回收率提高、膜污染抑制和浓盐水蒸发,现有问题需要从多工艺复合和各处理单元优化升级两方面着手,在提升处理效果的同时节约处理成本,生物处理工艺与高级氧化工艺的优化组合是今后的研究重点。

According to the water quality characteristics and treatment requirements of coal gasification wastewater, the technical situation and key problems of coal gasification wastewater treatment were summarized from three aspects including pretreatment, biological treatment and advanced treatment. The analysis showed that, the coal gasification wastewater had complex composition, great fluctuation of water quality, much biological inhibitor and high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and refractory organics. The key problems in treatment process included efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen and polyatomic phenol, operating cost reduction of advanced oxidation, increasing of water recovery rate, membrane fouling control and brine evaporation in membrane separation process. The existing problems should be solved with multi-technology recombination and optimization of each treatment units, to improve the treatment effect and reduce the treatment cost at the same time. Optimization and combination of biological treatment and advanced oxidation technology is a key point of future researches.