碳纳米管-石墨烯-碳纳米纤维复合电极的制备及应用

Preparation and Application of Nanotubes/Graphene/Carbon Nanofiber Combined Electrode

配制含乙酸钴和乙酸镍的氧化石墨烯-聚丙烯腈(Co^(2+)-Ni^(2+)/GO-PAN)纺丝液,经静电纺丝技术制成碳纳米级纤维GO-PAN,预氧化和碳化处理GO-PAN得到分级多孔碳纳米管/石墨烯-碳纳米纤维(CNTs/G-CNFs)复合材料,对其结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,GO还原的石墨烯(G)均匀分布CNTs/G-CNFs内部,碳纳米管(CNTs)大量生长在CNTs/G-CNFs表面,使材料比表面积高达223.8 m^2/g。将0.5 g CNTs/G-CNFs组装成电容去离子技术(CDI)电极,在Na Cl的质量浓度为200 mg/L、处理时间为10 min的条件下,对比发现其电吸附脱盐能力高于CNFs和G-CNFs电极,最大除盐量达8.17 mg/g、除盐效率20.47%;并且5次循环使用后,除盐量和除盐效率下降不大,证明这种分级多孔的电极材料具有优异的除盐性能和可再生循环吸附能力。

Graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile electrostatic spinning（Co^2＋-Ni^2＋/GO-PAN）containing cobalt acetate and nickel acetate was prepared,the GO-PAN carbon nanofiber was made by electrostatic spinning technology.Unique hierarchical porous carbon nanotubes/graphene/carbon nanofibers（CNTs/G-CNFs）composites was obtained after GO-PAN pre-oxidation and carbonization,and the structure and property were characterized.The results showed that,graphene（G）reduced by GO distributed uniformly inside of carbon nanofibers,carbon nanotubes（CNTs）grew on the surface of CNTs/G-CNFs,which made the specific surface area of material reached to 223.8 m^2/g.The electrodes of CDI unit were made by 0.5 g of CNTs/G-CNFs,when mass concentration of Na Cl was 200 mg/L and the processing time was 10 min,compared with CNFs and G-CNFs electrodes,its electric adsorption ability was the best.The desalination capacity was 8.17 mg/g,the desalination rate was 20.47%,and after five times recycling,the desalination capacity and rate decreased slightly.It provided that,this hierarchical porous electrode material had excellent desalination performance and renewable cycle adsorption capacity.