曹植之贬的文学史典范意义

The Model Significance of Literary History of Cao Zhi's Exile

从贬后人格心态表现范式来看,曹植继承并大力发扬了贾谊开启的逐臣贬后儒道互补的处世思想模式。曹植在谪居期间的孤寂感、被弃感及忠君意识的表达,相关词汇、语典常被后世文人尤其是际遇相似的逐臣大量引用;从贬后创作范式而言,曹植大力拓展了逐臣惯用的游仙、咏史、弃妇三大题材,它们分别代表着向往自由、寄托政治理想、感士不遇三大抒情主题。曹植还大量运用含蓄婉曲的比兴寄托手法,被后世逐臣诗所接受。从作品风格转向来看,后世逐臣作品从前期的乐观昂扬转向后期的感伤忧郁,这一模式也由曹植启途。

After being exiled,Cao Zhi acted as a role model in personality and mindset,which means he not only inherited but developed the complementation between Confucianism and Taoism started by Jia Yi. During the exile,Cao Zhi expressed the feelings of being abandoned,loneliness as well as loyalty. The relevant words and expressions are quoted by the following literati who had the similar experiences. According to his works and the way he expressed his ideas,Cao Zhi greatly expanded the poems about immortals,history and deserted wives,which stand for longing for freedom,showing political ambition and expressing sentimental feelings. Besides,Cao Zhi is also good at using ＂Bi＂and ＂Xing＂in emotive expression. According to changes in the style of works,the subsequent works changed the style from optimism and ambition into sadness and depression,which is led by Cao Zhi as well.