近十年土壤污染物源解析研究综述

Review on Source Apportionment of Soil Pollutants in Recent Ten Years

加强土壤污染物源解析技术研究是防治土壤污染,改善土壤环境质量的重要前提。归纳了近十年国内外在土壤污染物源解析方面的研究概况、主要研究对象、源解析的常用方法。重点总结了特征比值法、主成分/因子分析-多元线性回归法、正定矩阵因子分解法、绝对因子得分-多元线性回归法、非负约束因子分析法、UNMIX法、化学质量平衡法、同位素法等的基本原理、各自特点及其在土壤污染物来源解析上的应用情况,总结了各种源解析方法在应用上的优势和局限。最后指出土壤污染物源解析研究中面临的挑战和未来发展方向。

Strengthening the research on source apportionment in soil is an important precondition for soil pollution prevention and control. This paper reviewed the research status, research objects, common methods of source apportionment for heavy metals and organic compounds in soil based on the relevant research results at home and abroad in recent ten years. Also it provided the basic principle, characteristics and applications of major source apportionment methods such as diagnostic ratios, principal component analysis/factor analysis with multiple linear regression （PCA/FA-MLR）, positive matrix factorization （PMF）, absolute principal component scores with multiple linear regression （APCS-MLR）, factor analysis with nonnegative constraints （FA-NNC）, UNMIX, chemical mass balance （CMB）, stable isotopic technique, and summarized their weakness and strength in application. Finally, the key research challenges and future directions were put forward.