弹性化治理:“工作组”机制的运行及治理逻辑探究

Flexible Governance: A Study on the Operation and Governance Logic of "Workgroup" Mechanism

在中国国家治理中,"工作组"是广泛存在的治理机制。不同于作为议事协调机构的"领导小组","工作组"是由上级根据任务和形势需要而下派的具有临时性、机动性等特征的专项任务型组织,主要体现了党政机关纵向间的互动关系,并可按照不同思路划分为不同类型。影响"工作组"产生和运行的因素主要包括"条块分割"的政府管理体制、"职责同构"的政府纵向间关系结构以及差序化的政府信任格局等。"工作组"机制的运行过程大致包括"派出"和"治理"两阶段,并呈现出"问题导向、集中高效"的鲜明特征,其功能角色可大致归纳为政策过程的辅助性机制、应急管理的补充性机制这两个方面。"工作组"机制的治理逻辑可提炼为一种"弹性化治理",它以治理的弹性化促进了治理体系的适应性。

The ＂workgroup＂ is a governance mechanism which exists widely in national governance of China.Different from the ＂leading group＂ as the consultative and coordinating organs, the ＂workgroup＂ is the task-oriented organ sent by the superior departments, and shows the interaction among party and government organs of different levels.According to the different dimensions, the ＂workgroup＂ can be divided into different kinds.The factors that influence the formation and operation of ＂workgroup＂ includes：barriers between higher and lower levels or between different departments and regions; ＂isomorphic responsibility＂ governmental system and ＂diversity-orderly structure＂ in political trust. The operation process of ＂workgroup＂ basically includes two steps,which are ＂dispatch＂ and ＂governance＂, and shows the features of ＂problem-oriented＂ as well as ＂collectively and effectively＂. The roles of ＂workgroup＂ can be concluded as the supporting mechanism of policy process and complementary mechanism of emergency management. The logic end of ＂workgroup＂ in national governance can be generalized as ＂flexible governance＂, and the ＂workgroup＂ promotes adaptability of governance system by its flexible operation.